Helping anxious expat children return to school after a vacation

For many children, returning to school after a vacation can bring a mix of emotions. While some may be excited to reunite with friends and resume their routines, others—especially those in expatriate families—may experience heightened anxiety. The transition can be particularly difficult due to changes in environment, disrupted routines, and the emotional strain of being away from their home country.

Understanding why this transition is tough and how to support children can make all the difference. Let’s explore the psychological theories behind school-related anxiety and five practical tips for parents and teachers.

Why Do Children Experience Anxiety When Returning to School?

John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory suggests that children form strong emotional bonds with their caregivers. Vacations often mean extended time at home with family, which strengthens this attachment. Returning to school can feel like a separation, triggering anxiety—especially for younger children or those who struggle with independence.

Transition Theory

Nancy Schlossberg’s Transition Theory highlights how life changes—even positive ones—can be stressful. For expatriate children, returning to school may mean adjusting to a multilingual environment, different cultural norms, or the challenge of reintegrating after time spent in their home country.

Sensory Processing Theory Dr. A. Jean Ayres' Sensory Processing Theory explains how some children struggle to process sensory input effectively. School environments can be overwhelming—crowded hallways, bright lights, and noise—which can heighten anxiety, particularly for neurodivergent children. After a long break in a calmer, more familiar setting, the return can feel overstimulating.

Cognitive Load Theory   John Sweller’s  Cognitive Load Theory suggests that too much new information at once can overwhelm a child’s ability to process and retain knowledge. After a break, children may worry about forgotten skills, catching up academically, or facing social dynamics that have changed in their absence.