Understanding and supporting teen depression

Teen depression is more than just moodiness or a rough patch—it’s a serious condition that can affect how teens think, feel, behave, and function at home and school. Alarmingly, depression rates among teens have risen sharply in the past decade, and nearly 1 in 5 American teens experience a major depressive episode each year.

How Depression Manifests in Teens

Teen depression often looks different from adult depression.

Common signs include:

• Persistent sadness, irritability, or anger

• Withdrawal from friends, family, and activities once enjoyed

• Changes in sleep patterns or appetite

• Unexplained physical complaints like headaches or stomachaches

• Declining academic performance or school avoidance

• Risky behavior, substance use, or self-harm

• Suicidal thoughts, expressions, or actions

If these symptoms last more than two to three weeks, it’s time to seek help.

What Causes Teen Depression?

There is no single cause of depression. In most cases, it results from a combination of factors, including:

• Genetics or family history of mental health disorders

• Stressful life events such as divorce, loss, or bullying

• Social isolation or difficulty with peer relationships

• Low self-esteem or body image issues

• Co-occurring conditions like anxiety, ADHD, or chronic illness

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Effective Treatments for Teen Depression

The good news: teen depression is treatable. The most effective treatments include:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):Helps teens identify and change negative thinking patterns and behaviors.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT):Teaches emotional regulation, coping skills, and interpersonal effectiveness—especially helpful for teens struggling with self-harm or suicidal thoughts.

Interpersonal Therapy (IPT):Focuses on improving communication and relationship skills.

Medication (SSRIs):In some cases, medication like fluoxetine (Prozac) or escitalopram (Lexapro) may be recommended, especially when combined with therapy. This should ALWAYS take place under the strict supervision of a child and youth psychiatrist and only be considered when other routes and methods have been exhausted.

Research shows that a combination of therapy and medication often provides the best outcomes.

Supporting Your Teen at Home

Parents and caregivers play a crucial role in supporting a teen’s mental health. Here are some ways you can help:

• Encourage your teen to pursue hobbies and interests

• Establish healthy routines for sleep, nutrition, and exercise

• Set a consistent bedtime—preferably before 10 p.m.

• Foster a home environment of emotional safety and open communication

• Teach and model gratitude and positive coping skills

• Avoid judgment—listen more, advise less

• Let your teen have a say in their treatment process

• Normalize therapy as a useful tool, not a punishment

When to Seek Professional Help

Professional help is needed when:

• Symptoms persist for three weeks or more

• There is a noticeable decline in school or social functioning

• There are signs of self-harm, suicidal thoughts, or substance abuse

• There is a family history of mental illness

A licensed psychologist or mental health professional can conduct a comprehensive evaluation and create a treatment plan tailored to your child’s needs.

How Baumgarten Child Psychology and More Can Help

At Baumgarten Child Psychology and More, we specialize in compassionate, evidence-based care for children, teens, and families. Our services include:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), DBT, and Interpersonal Therapy

• Family counseling and parent support

• Medication consultation and coordination with psychiatrists

• Support for coexisting conditions like ADHD and anxiety

Our goal is to help your teen heal, grow, and thrive in a safe and supportive environment.

If you're concerned about your teen's mental health, don't wait. Contact us today at www.baumgartenchildpsych.com to schedule a consultation. You're not alone—we're here to help.